Henri-Robert-Marcel Duchamp (, ; ; 28 July 1887 – 2 October 1968) was a French American artist, chess player, and inventor who played a key role in the development of the avant-garde in the United States and in New York City, where he spent the last 25 years of his life. Duchamp was one of the top-ranked chess players in the world during his lifetime and would be considered a 2000-2100 player on the modern USCF rating scale. Wikipedia